Pa Disembala 11, 2001, China idalowa nawo bungwe la World Trade Organisation.Ichi chinali chochitika chofunikira kwambiri pakukonzanso dziko langa ndikutsegulira komanso kusintha kwa sosholizimu.Pazaka 20 zapitazi, China yakwaniritsa zonse zomwe idalonjeza pa WTO ndikukulitsa kutsegulira kwake, komwe kwayambitsa kukwera kwachitukuko kwachitukuko cha China komanso kuyambitsa madzi akasupe azachuma padziko lonse lapansi.
Kufunika kwa China kulowa mu World Trade Organisation
Kulowa nawo bungwe la World Trade Organisation kwasintha kwambiri ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa dziko lathu ndi dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zapangitsa kuti dziko lathu lizitha kuchita nawo bwino pofananiza, kutenga nawo gawo pagawo lapadziko lonse lantchito, ndikutukuka kukhala bizinesi yofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. ndi dziko ndalama;Kupereka dziko langa kutenga nawo gawo pakuwongolera zachuma padziko lonse lapansi Ndi mikhalidwe yabwino, chikoka cha dziko langa chikupitilira kukula;lalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka chuma cha m’dziko, kulimbikitsa nyonga ya ochita malonda, ndi kutulutsa kuthekera kwa chitukuko cha zachuma.
Zakweza bwino dziko langa pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi.Nditalowa nawo bungwe la World Trade Organisation, dziko langa likhoza kusangalala ndi ufulu wa membala wa World Trade Organisation ndikusangalala ndi zotsatira za kumasulidwa ndi kuthandizira malonda ndi ndalama zapadziko lonse.Izi zapangitsa kuti pakhale malo okhazikika, owonekera komanso odziwikiratu padziko lonse lapansi azachuma ndi malonda ku China, ndipo ndalama zapakhomo ndi zakunja zawonjezera chidaliro chawo pakuchita nawo gawo la China pantchito yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kukulitsa mgwirizano wachuma ndi malonda akunja.Timapereka kusewera kwathunthu pazabwino zathu, kuphatikiza kwambiri gawo lazantchito padziko lonse lapansi, ndikupitilizabe kukweza udindo wathu pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi.Pazaka 20 zapitazi, chiŵerengero cha chuma cha dziko langa chakwera kuchoka pachisanu ndi chimodzi kufika pachiwiri pa dziko lapansi, malonda a katundu akwera kuchokera pachisanu ndi chimodzi kufika pa choyamba pa dziko lapansi, ndipo malonda a mautumiki akwera kuchokera pa khumi ndi chimodzi kufika pachiwiri pa dziko lapansi, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito. ndalama zakunja zakhala zikuchulukirachulukira.China ili pamalo oyamba, pomwe ndalama zakunja zakunja zikukwera kuchokera pa 26 padziko lonse lapansi mpaka woyamba.
Zindikirani kulimbikitsana kwa kusintha ndi kutsegula.Mchitidwe wa zaka 15 wolowa mu zokambirana za WTO/WTO ndi njira yopititsira patsogolo kusintha kwa dziko langa.Ndi chifukwa chakukula kosalekeza kwa kusintha komwe tingathe kuyankha bwino pakukula kwa msika ndikusintha kukakamizidwa kuti titsegule msika ndikukulitsa mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi.Nditalowa bungwe la World Trade Organisation, dziko langa latsatira kwathunthu ndikukhazikitsa malamulo a World Trade Organisation, ndipo limayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga ndi kukonza malamulo ndi malamulo azachuma amsika omwe amagwirizana ndi malamulo amayiko ambiri azachuma ndi malonda, omwe adalimbikitsa nyonga ya msika. ndi gulu.dziko langa lachotsa zoletsa zosagwirizana ndi msonkho komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri mitengo yamitengo.Misonkho yonse yatsika kuchoka pa 15.3% kufika pa 7.4%, yomwe ili yotsika kuposa 9.8% ya zomwe WTO inalonjeza.Mpikisano wampikisano pamsika wapakhomo wakula kwambiri.Titha kunena kuti kujowina World Trade Organisation ndi nkhani yakale yolimbikitsa kusintha ndikutsegula m'dziko lathu.
Linatsegula tsamba latsopano kuti dziko langa litenge nawo mbali pa kayendetsedwe ka chuma padziko lonse lapansi.Pazaka 20 zapitazi, dziko langa lakhala likugwira nawo ntchito yokonzanso kayendetsedwe ka chuma padziko lonse lapansi ndikukhazikitsa malamulo.Adatenga nawo gawo mwachangu pazokambirana za Doha ndipo adathandizira kwambiri kuti zokambirana ziyende bwino pa "Trade Facilitation Agreement" ndi "Information Technology Agreement."Zokambirana zokhala m'bungwe la World Trade Organisation zitatha, dziko langa lidayambitsa nthawi yomweyo makonzedwe amalonda.Mu Novembala 2000, dziko langa lidayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa China-ASEAN Free Trade Area.Pofika kumapeto kwa 2020, dziko langa lasaina mapangano 19 amalonda aulere ndi mayiko 26 ndi zigawo.Mu 2013, ntchito ya "One Belt One Road" yomwe Purezidenti Xi Jinping adapereka idalandira mayankho abwino kuchokera kumayiko oposa 170 ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi.dziko langa latenga nawo gawo pazoyang'anira chuma chapadziko lonse lapansi monga G20, ndikukonza dongosolo la China lokonzanso bungwe la World Trade Organisation.dziko langa ladzipereka kulimbikitsa ntchito yomanga chuma chotseguka padziko lonse lapansi m'magawo osiyanasiyana, zigawo ndi mayiko awiri, ndipo udindo wake mu kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka chuma padziko lonse lapansi ukukwera.
Kulowa kwa dziko la China m’bungwe la World Trade Organization kwathandizanso kuti chuma cha padziko lonse chikhale chothandiza.Popanda kutenga nawo gawo kwa anthu aku China opitilira 1.4 biliyoni, World Trade Organisation ingakhale yosakwanira.China italowa m'bungwe la World Trade Organisation, kufalikira kwa malamulo achuma ndi malonda amitundumitundu kwakulitsidwa kwambiri, ndipo njira zogulitsira mafakitale padziko lonse lapansi zafika pomaliza.Kuthandizira kwa China pakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi kwafika pafupifupi 30% kwa zaka zambiri.Zitha kuwoneka kuti kulowa kwa China ku World Trade Organisation ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi.
Kudziwa ndi Kuwunikira Lowani nawo World Trade Organisation
Nthawi zonse tsatirani utsogoleri wamphamvu wa chipani chifukwa cha kumasuka, ndikupita patsogolo ndi nthawi kuti muwongolere njira yotsegulira.Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe dziko langa likutha kufunafuna zabwino ndikupewa zovuta pakukula kwachuma kwachuma ndikuti nthawi zonse lakhala likutsatira utsogoleri wamphamvu wa chipani chifukwa chotsegulira.Pakukambirana kwa WTO, Komiti Yaikulu Yachipani idaweruza nkhaniyi, idapanga zisankho zotsimikizika, kuthana ndi zopinga, ndikuchita mgwirizano.Titalowa nawo bungwe la World Trade Organisation, motsogozedwa ndi utsogoleri wamphamvu wa Komiti Yaikulu ya Party, tinakwaniritsa malonjezo athu, kukonzanso kwakukulu, ndikupeza chitukuko champhamvu chachuma ndi malonda.Dziko lerolino likukumana ndi kusintha kwakukulu kosaoneka m’zaka zana limodzi, ndipo kutsitsimuka kwakukulu kwa dziko la China kuli panthaŵi yovuta kwambiri.Tiyenera kumamatira ku utsogoleri wa chipani, kukhazikitsa njira yotsegulira, kupitiriza kupititsa patsogolo mwayi wotsegulira, ndikupitiriza kulimbikitsa ubwino watsopano wa dziko lathu mu mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wa zachuma ndi mpikisano.
Kuchita lingaliro lachitukuko chotseguka ndikulimbikira kukulitsa ndikutsegula mosasunthika.Mlembi wamkulu Xi Jinping adati: "Kutsegula kumabweretsa kupita patsogolo, ndipo kutseka sikungachedwe."Popeza kusintha ndi kutsegula, makamaka pambuyo kujowina World Trade Organization, dziko langa mwamphamvu anagwira nthawi ya mwayi njira, anapereka kusewera kwathunthu kwa ubwino wake wofananira, mofulumira anawonjezera mphamvu zake zonse dziko, ndipo kwambiri anawonjezera chikoka padziko lonse..Kutsegula ndi njira yokhayo ya chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha dziko.Komiti Yaikulu Yachipani yokhala ndi Comrade Xi Jinping pachimake imawona chitukuko chotseguka ngati gawo lofunikira lachitukuko chatsopano, ndipo udindo ndi udindo womasuka pazifukwa za chipani ndi dziko zakhala zikuyenda bwino.Paulendo watsopano womanga dziko lamakono la chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu m'njira zonse, tiyenera kupitiriza kutsegulira ndi kuonjezera mlingo wa kumasuka molimba mtima komanso mozindikira.
Khazikitsani mwamphamvu malamulo ndi kuumirira kulimbikitsa kutsegulidwa kwa mabungwe.Nditalowa nawo bungwe la World Trade Organisation, dziko langa limalemekeza kwambiri malamulo a World Trade Organisation ndipo limakwaniritsa zonse zomwe WTO likuchita.Maulamuliro ena akuluakulu amapondereza malamulo a m’dziko kuposa malamulo a mayiko, amatsatira malamulo a mayiko ngati agwirizana, ndipo amawapondaponda ngati sakugwirizana nawo.Izi sizingowononga malamulo a mayiko ambiri, koma pamapeto pake zidzawononga chuma cha dziko lapansi komanso palokha.Monga dziko lalikulu kwambiri lomwe likutukuka komanso lachiwiri pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi, dziko langa lawonetsa udindo wake ngati dziko lalikulu, kutsogolera ngati wowonera, woteteza, komanso womanga malamulo amayiko ambiri azachuma ndi malonda, kutenga nawo gawo pakusintha kwachuma. dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka chuma padziko lonse lapansi, ndikuthandizira ku China pakusintha ndi kukonza malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi azachuma ndi malonda.dongosolo.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tidzapitiriza kulimbikitsa kutsegulidwa kwa mabungwe ndikufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga dongosolo latsopano lachuma chotseguka.
Pangani njira yatsopano yotsegulira kudziko lakunja ndi kukula kwakukulu, gawo lalikulu, komanso mulingo wozama.
Pakali pano, zaka zana za kusintha zikugwirizana ndi mliri wa zaka za zana lino, dongosolo la mayiko likusintha kwambiri, kusintha kwatsopano kwa teknoloji ikupita patsogolo kwambiri, kusintha kobiriwira ndi kutsika kwa carbon kukuthamanga, kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka chuma padziko lonse. ikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo nkhondo yofuna kulamulira yakula kwambiri.Ubwino wofananiza wa dziko langa wasintha kwambiri, ndipo ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera zida zapakhomo ndi zapadziko lonse lapansi kuti mupange zopindulitsa zatsopano kutenga nawo gawo mu mgwirizano ndi mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi.Poyang'anizana ndi zatsopano ndi ntchito zatsopano, nthawi zonse tiyenera kumamatira utsogoleri wapakati komanso wogwirizana wa Komiti Yaikulu Yachipani ndi Comrade Xi Jinping pachimake, kukwaniritsa malingaliro a Xi Jinping pa socialism ndi mikhalidwe yaku China munyengo yatsopano, ndikukhala bwino. kukulitsa mwayi pamavuto, kutsegulira zatsopano mkati mwa kusintha, ndikulimbikitsa Njira yatsopano yotsegulira kudziko lakunja ndi gawo lalikulu, gawo lalikulu, ndi gawo lozama lidzapangidwa.
Nthawi zonse sinthani kuchuluka kwa kutseguka pomanga njira yatsopano yachitukuko.Kuti mupange njira yatsopano yachitukuko, m'pofunika nthawi imodzi kupititsa patsogolo kukonzanso ndikutsegula, ndi kuzindikira kugwirizana ndi kulimbikitsana kukonzanso ndi kutsegula.Tsatirani kukonzanso kwapang'onopang'ono kwapang'onopang'ono, ndikulimbikitsa kudzidalira paukadaulo komanso kudzidalira.Yang'anani pa kusintha kwa decentralization, kasamalidwe ndi ntchito, pitilizani kukhathamiritsa mabizinesi, kumanga msika wogwirizana wapakhomo, komanso kayendetsedwe kazachuma.Motsogozedwa ndi kutseguka kwapamwamba, kulimbitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndalama ndi ukadaulo ndi matalente, kuphatikiza zida zapadziko lonse lapansi, kupititsa patsogolo kuphatikizika kwazinthu zaku China ndi zakunja, kuphwanya zida zaukadaulo ndikukhazikitsa malamulo aku China, kuthetsa vuto la "khosi lokhazikika" mayendedwe operekera, kukulitsa kulimba kwa unyolo wamakampani, ndikukwaniritsa Kuzungulira kwamkati ndi kunja kumalimbikitsana wina ndi mnzake pamlingo wapamwamba.
Khalani ndi maubwino atsopano mumgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi mpikisano.Gwirani mwamphamvu mwayi wobwera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa digito ndi kusintha kobiriwira ndi mpweya wochepa, ndikufulumizitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwaubwino wapadziko lonse wamakampani omwe akutukuka kumene a dziko langa.Limbikitsani mafakitole akale ndi ukadaulo wazidziwitso, sinthani mafakitale ochulukirachulukira omwe ali ndi luso lopanga zinthu mwanzeru, ndikusunga kupikisana kwapadziko lonse kwa zinthu zomwe dziko langa limatumiza kunja.Wonjezerani kutsegulidwa kwamakampani othandizira ndikukulitsa mwamphamvu malonda amtundu wa digito.Limbikitsani chitetezo cha ufulu wachidziwitso komanso kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano wapadziko lonse wamakampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito luso lazopangapanga.Thandizani mabizinesi kuti "apite padziko lonse lapansi" kuti aphatikizire misika iwiri ndi zinthu ziwiri kuti apange kampani yamayiko osiyanasiyana yothandizidwa ndi China yokhala ndi mpikisano wamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi.
Pangani dongosolo latsopano lazachuma lotseguka motsutsana ndi malamulo apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi azachuma ndi malonda.Kumvetsetsa bwino momwe malamulo a zachuma padziko lonse akuyendera, ndikupitiriza kulimbikitsa malonda ndi kumasula ndalama komanso kuthandizira malinga ndi malamulo apamwamba a zachuma ndi malonda a mayiko, pitirizani kupititsa patsogolo chilengedwe cha bizinesi, ndikuwonjezera bata, kuwonekera ndi kulosera zachuma zakunja ndondomeko zamalonda.Perekani sewero lathunthu ku malo oyendetsa ndege (free trade port), kulimbikitsani kuyesa kupanikizika kwapamwamba, fufuzani chitsanzo cholondola cha kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. izo.Kupititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndalama zakunja kuti muteteze zokonda zakunja.
Khalani ndi malo abwino azachuma ndi malonda padziko lonse lapansi.Kulitsani mwamphamvu luso lapamwamba la zachuma ndi zamalonda zapadziko lonse lapansi, yambitsani malingaliro ndi njira zapadziko lonse zachuma ndi zamalonda, ndikulimbikitsa luso lokhazikitsa mitu, zokambirana zakunja, ndi kulumikizana kwamayiko.Limbikitsani kulumikizana kwapadziko lonse ndikuwuza bwino nkhani zaku China.Kutenga nawo mbali pakusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka chuma padziko lonse lapansi, kusunga mwamphamvu ulamuliro wa mayiko osiyanasiyana, kulimbikitsa pamodzi kusintha kwa World Trade Organization, ndi kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana za malamulo atsopano a zachuma ndi zamalonda.Limbikitsani mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wachitukuko, kulimbikitsa mosalekeza chitukuko chapamwamba cha "Belt ndi Road", kufulumizitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, ndikulimbikitsa kumanga gulu lomwe lili ndi tsogolo logawana anthu.
(Wolemba Long Guoqiang ndi wachiwiri kwa director of the Development Research Center of the State Council)
Mkonzi wotsogolera: Wang Su
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-16-2021